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Article

Seasonal Whole-plant Carbon Balance of Phyllospadix iwatensis on the Coast of the Korean Peninsula

한반도 연안에 분포하는 새우말의 탄소수지 계절적 변동

SEUNG HYEON KIM1
,
JONG-HYEOB KIM2
,
HYEGWANG KIM3
,
JIN WOO KU3
,
KI YOUNG KIM3
,
KUN-SEOP LEE4*
김 승현1
,
김 종협2
,
김 혜광3
,
구 진우3
,
김 기영3
,
이 근섭4*
1Post-Doc Researcher, Department of Biological Sciences; Institute of Systems Biology; Education/Research Group of Longevity and Marine Biotechnology for innovative Talent, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
2Director, Korea Ocean Research, Tongyeong 53003, Korea
3Graduate Student, Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
4Professor, Department of Biological Sciences; Institute of Systems Biology; Education/Research Group of Longevity and Marine Biotechnology for innovative Talent, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
1부산대학교 생명과학과; 생명시스템연구소; 장수·해양바이오 혁신인력 양성 교육연구단 연수연구원
2(주)코리아오션리서치 이사
3부산대학교 생명과학과 대학원생
4부산대학교 생명과학과; 생명시스템연구소; 장수·해양바이오 혁신인력 양성 교육연구단 교수
*Corresponding Author
29 February 2024. pp. 28-41
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Abstract

The carbon balance serves as a valuable indicator of a plant’s physiological status under diverse environmental conditions. We investigated the photosynthetic and respiratory responses of the Asian surfgrass Phyllospadix iwatensis along the northeast coast of the Korean peninsula in response to changing water temperature (ranging from 5°C to 30°C) to estimate the seasonal whole-plant carbon balance through a series of incubation experiments. The maximum gross photosynthetic rate (Pmax) showed a significant difference among the temperature treatments, while there was no significant difference in photosynthetic efficiency (α). The maximum gross photosynthetic rate of P. iwatensis reached its peaks at 20°C treatment (101.65 μmol O2 g–1 DW h–1) but decreased rapidly at 30°C. The saturation irradiance (Ik), compensation irradiance (Ic), and respiration rate (R) of P. iwatensis exhibited significant differences among the temperature treatments. The saturation irradiance increased up to 20–25°C (121.59–124.50 μmol photons m–2 s–1) and sharply decreased at 30°C. The compensation irradiance and respiration rate increased steadily with rising water temperature. The ratio of Pmax to R (Pmax:R ratio) was the highest at 5°C but dramatically decreased at 30°C. The whole-plant carbon balance, calculated based on photosynthetic parameters, respiration rates, and biomass, exhibited distinct seasonal variation, increasing during winter and spring and decreasing during summer and fall, which is consistent with the highest in situ growth in spring and severely limited growth at the highest water temperature conditions. Phyllospadix iwatensis displayed a negative carbon balance during late summer, fall, and winter, but demonstrated a positive carbon balance during spring and early summer. Our findings suggest that the rising seawater temperatures associated with climate change may lead to significant alterations in the seagrass ecosystem functioning along the rocky shores of the Korean east coast.

Keywords
Carbon budget
Rising seawater temperature
Photosynthesis
Phyllospadix iwatensis
Seagrass

탄소수지는 다양한 환경조건에서 식물의 생리적 상태를 평가할 수 있는 중요한 지표 중 하나이다. 우리 동해 연안에 분포하는 새우말의 수온 변화(5–30°C)에 따른 광합성률과 호흡률을 측정하여, 전체 식물 탄소수지의 계절적 변동을 추정하였다. 수온 처리에 따라 최대총광합성률은 유의한 차이를 보였지만, 광합성 효율은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 새우말의 최대총광합성률은 수온이 상승함에 따라 증가하여 20°C에서 최대값(101.65 μmol O2 g–1 DW h–1)을 보인 후 30°C에서 급격히 감소하였다. 수온 변화에 따른 새우말의 포화광도, 보상광도와 호흡률은 모두 유의한 차이를 보였다. 새우말의 포화광도는 20–25°C까지(121.59–124.50 μmol photons m–2 s–1) 증가하다가 30°C에서 급격히 감소하였다. 보상광도와 호흡률은 수온이 증가할수록 점차 증가하였다. 최대총광합성률과 호흡률의 비율은 5°C에서 가장 높았고, 30°C에서 급격히 감소하였다. 광합성 매개변수, 호흡률 및 생체량을 통해서 추정된 새우말 전체 식물의 탄소수지는 겨울과 봄에 증가하고, 여름과 가을에 감소하는 뚜렷한 계절적 경향을 보였으며, 봄에 생장이 가장 활발하고, 수온이 가장 높은 시기에 급격히 감소하는 새우말의 생장 패턴과 일치하였다. 새우말은 늦여름부터 겨울까지 음의 탄소수지를, 봄에서 초여름까지 양의 탄소수지를 보였다. 기후 변화에 의한 지속적인 수온 상승은 우리 동해 연안 암반생태계에 분포하는 잘피생육지의 구조와 기능에 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단된다.

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Information
  • Publisher :The Korean Society of Oceanography
  • Publisher(Ko) :한국해양학회
  • Journal Title :The Sea Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography
  • Journal Title(Ko) :한국해양학회지 바다
  • Volume : 29
  • No :1
  • Pages :28-41
  • Received Date : 2023-10-12
  • Revised Date : 2024-01-10
  • Accepted Date : 2024-01-15
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.7850/jkso.2024.29.1.028
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